Prague travel guide: what to know before you go

Prague is a city of cobbled squares, bridges and a hill your legs will notice. Group walks by riverbank and leave room to stop: looking is part of the journey.

Prague

At a glance

Country
Czechia
Region
Bohemia; Prague is the capital
Language
Czech. A polite hello: dobrý den. Thank you: děkuji.
Currency
Czech koruna (Kč)
Population
Around one and a half million people
Sockets
Types C and E, 230 V; bring an adaptor for a British plug.
Emergencies
112
Tap water
Yes, safe to drink; bring a refillable bottle.
Card payments
Widely accepted, though some cash can be useful; check before ordering.
Tipping
Optional; rounding up or stating the total when paying is common.
Driving side
right

When to go

SeasonApproximate temperatureRainDaylightAtmosphere
SpringRoughly 3–20 °CShowers and variable conditions.Lengthening days.Good for squares and gardens.
SummerRoughly 13–27 °C; hotter spells occur.Showers and thunderstorms possible.Plenty of light.Busy centre and heat on open squares.
AutumnRoughly 3–20 °CIncreasing damp.Shorter afternoons.Mild at first, then warmer clothes help.
WinterRoughly −3–6 °CSnow, cold rain and ice possible.Short days.Wintry atmosphere and indoor pauses.
  • Spring and early autumn suit longer walks without the strongest heat.
  • In May, Prague Spring brings a classical music atmosphere. December’s Christmas markets attract crowds to the centre.
  • In summer, allow breaks and avoid piling up bridges and sunny squares. In winter, save the daylight for outdoor stops.

Walking the city

  • Gradient. The Old Town and Josefov are comparatively flat. Malá Strana and the climb to the Castle are more demanding and may include stairs.
  • Underfoot. Cobbles and uneven paving need care in rain or ice. Small wheels struggle.
  • Weather on foot. Wind catches the bridges. Winter listening stops need warmer clothes than continuous walking.
  • Distances. Combine places on the same bank. Repeated crossings add distance and, towards the Castle, climbing.
  • Crossings. Traffic keeps right. Trams need room to brake; wait for them and use marked crossings.
  • Daily rhythm. Allow a proper meal break rather than leaving dinner very late. The tourist centre stays active, but residential courtyards and lanes need quiet.

Getting there and around

  • Airport buses connect with the metro; taxis and transfers are also available. Choose for the area where you’re staying.
  • Praha hlavní nádraží, the main station, connects with the metro and lies near the New Town.
  • Metro and trams link areas and save energy for the hill. Compact central routes work well on foot.
  • Check destination and direction at the stop rather than memorising a list of lines. Let passengers off before boarding.

The neighbourhoods

NeighbourhoodWhat it's likeWho it suitsOur routes
Old TownSquares, courtyards and busy cobbled streets.First visits and central landmarks.The Old Town: from the Powder Tower to the Astronomical Clock Free; Prague Legends: from the Old Town to the Charles Bridge
JosefovSynagogues and Jewish memory within the centre.Attentive visits and museums.Josefov, Prague's Jewish Quarter: the Golem, Memory and Kafka
Malá StranaSquares and streets below Castle Hill.Architecture, churches and gradients.Malá Strana: from the Charles Bridge to the Foot of the Castle
Castle complexCourtyards and monuments above the city.A part of the day devoted to the hill.Prague Castle: Kings, Astronomers and Prisoners
Upper HradčanyStreets above the Castle towards Strahov.An unhurried walk.Upper Hradčany: from Strahov to Castle Square
New Town: Wenceslas SquareAvenues, squares and everyday movement.Recent history and transport links.Wenceslas Square: from Národní Street to the National Museum
New Town: Charles SquareA large green space and streets towards the river.A walk mixing science and memory.Charles Square and the Paratroopers' Crypt: from Faust House to the Dancing House

What to try

Dish or drinkWhat it is
SvíčkováBeef with creamy vegetable sauce and knedlíky.
GulášMeat stew with sauce; Czech versions often come with knedlíky.
KnedlíkySlices of boiled bread or potato dumpling, useful for sauces.
Vepřo knedlo zeloRoast pork with knedlíky and cabbage.
BramborákySeasoned fried potato pancakes.
Smažený sýrBreaded, fried cheese.
ChlebíčkySmall open sandwiches with arranged toppings.
KoláčeSweet buns filled with curd cheese, poppy seeds or fruit.
ČesnečkaGarlic soup; recipes vary.
Czech beerA brewing tradition with pale and dark styles; ask if you prefer an alcohol-free option.

What to pack

  • Shoes with good grip for cobbles and steps.
  • Coat, gloves and scarf in winter; layers and a waterproof between seasons.
  • Water and sun protection in summer, even after a cool start.
  • A small rucksack makes crowded bridges easier.
  • An adaptor for a British plug; local sockets are types C and E.
  • Download routes before leaving: Podtour works offline.

For the trip

Customs and common mistakes

  • Dobrý den is a polite greeting when entering a shop or other premises.
  • The currency is the Czech koruna: don’t assume somewhere uses euros.
  • Let people leave the tram and keep doors clear.
  • On bridges and narrow passages, find a safe space before stopping for photographs.
  • In synagogues, churches and cemeteries, follow the venue’s guidance and keep voices down.
  • Don’t rub a sculpture simply because someone else does; monuments wear away too.
  • If tipping, state the total when paying.
  • Homes and courtyards still have residents: an open doorway isn’t automatically an invitation.
  • In some pubs, another beer may arrive without being ordered when your glass is nearly empty. A coaster over the glass can signal that you’ve finished; tell the person serving you as well to make it clear.

If it rains (or it's very hot)

Itineraries with Podtour

Leave room for breaks and visits inside: these plans suggest no more than two routes each day.

Days Plan

  1. 1 day

    Day 1: begin with the free The Old Town: from the Powder Tower to the Astronomical Clock Free. Continue to neighbouring Josefov, Prague's Jewish Quarter: the Golem, Memory and Kafka, allowing time for a separate interior visit.

  2. 2 days

    Day 1: The Old Town: from the Powder Tower to the Astronomical Clock Free and Josefov, Prague's Jewish Quarter: the Golem, Memory and Kafka. Day 2: Upper Hradčany: from Strahov to Castle Square and Prague Castle: Kings, Astronomers and Prisoners, linking the upper areas; use transport to reach the hill if you prefer.

  3. 3 days

    Days 1 and 2: follow the plan above. Day 3: Prague Legends: from the Old Town to the Charles Bridge and Malá Strana: from the Charles Bridge to the Foot of the Castle, from the Old Town across the river, pausing before continuing.

What to see with Podtour

marks stops on the free route. Listening outside doesn’t include admission to the building.

PlaceWhy goRoute and stop
Municipal HouseStart finding your bearings beside a major public building.The Old Town: from the Powder Tower to the Astronomical Clock Free · “Municipal House: from the kings’ palace to the republic”
Powder TowerLook at a monumental gateway with unfinished questions.The Old Town: from the Powder Tower to the Astronomical Clock Free · “Powder Tower: the gate left unfinished”
Ungelt (Týnský dvůr)Experience the scale of a merchants’ courtyard when access permits.The Old Town: from the Powder Tower to the Astronomical Clock Free · “The Ungelt: the foreign merchants’ courtyard”
Jan Hus MonumentRead the square through its expressive monument.The Old Town: from the Powder Tower to the Astronomical Clock Free · “Hus: a monument born of an insult”
Astronomical Clock and Old Town HallHear the clock’s story without having to decipher every dial.The Old Town: from the Powder Tower to the Astronomical Clock Free · “The clock that nearly became scrap”
Church of Our Lady before TýnObserve the towers and a detail that tells of conflict.The Old Town: from the Powder Tower to the Astronomical Clock Free · “Týn: the Hussite king’s chalice”
Old-New SynagogueMeet a synagogue and the legends that grew around it.Josefov, Prague's Jewish Quarter: the Golem, Memory and Kafka · “Old-New Synagogue: the building and its legends”
Old Jewish CemeteryUnderstand the cemetery from the exterior stop; admission is separate.Josefov, Prague's Jewish Quarter: the Golem, Memory and Kafka · “Old Jewish Cemetery: gravestones in layers”
Kafka Monument, Dušní StreetEncounter a writer above an empty suit.Josefov, Prague's Jewish Quarter: the Golem, Memory and Kafka · “Kafka Monument: the empty suit”
Charles BridgeCross between sculptures with time for a complete story.Prague Legends: from the Old Town to the Charles Bridge · “A bridge without eggs or a palindrome”
St Nicholas Church, Malá StranaCompare façade, square and bell tower from a safe spot.Malá Strana: from the Charles Bridge to the Foot of the Castle · “St Nicholas: the main façade and somebody else’s requiem”
Church of Our Lady VictoriousHear about the Infant of Prague; the statue is inside.Malá Strana: from the Charles Bridge to the Foot of the Castle · “The Infant of Prague: the statue inside the church”
Strahov MonasteryBegin the upper walk beside a monastery.Upper Hradčany: from Strahov to Castle Square · “Strahov: the basilica and the saint from Magdeburg”
LoretoPause outside Loreto without expecting the bells to ring.Upper Hradčany: from Strahov to Castle Square · “Loreto: the bells of Amsterdam”
Church of Sts Cyril and MethodiusMake a respectful pause at a church linked with resistance.Charles Square and the Paratroopers' Crypt: from Faust House to the Dancing House · “Church of Sts Cyril and Methodius and the Operation Anthropoid crypt: façade”

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