London travel guide: what to know before you go

London makes more sense an area at a time than as one vast walk. Neighbourhoods change pace within a few streets; the sky may change while you find the next one.

London

At a glance

Country
United Kingdom
Region
England
Language
English. A friendly “hello” and “thank you” go a long way.
Currency
Pound sterling (£)
Population
Around 9 million residents in Greater London
Sockets
Type G, 230 V
Emergencies
999; 112 also works
Tap water
Yes. Tap water is safe to drink.
Card payments
Cards are widely accepted; a little cash can still be useful for small purchases.
Tipping
Check whether restaurant service is included before adding anything. Tipping at a pub counter isn’t usually expected.
Driving side
left

When to go

SeasonApproximate temperatureRainDaylightAtmosphere
SpringRoughly 5–18 °CShowers and brighter spellsIncreasing daylightParks and walks become livelier
SummerRoughly 15–25 °C; hotter spells are possibleShowers and occasional thunderstormsLong eveningsPlenty of outdoor activity
AutumnRoughly 5–18 °CWet spells and windProgressively earlier duskLeaves and changeable days
WinterRoughly 0–10 °CRain, damp and possible frostShort daysMuseums and pubs suit the gaps between walks
  • Late spring and summer offer parks and long daylight; autumn and spring suit walking with less heat.
  • August brings Notting Hill Carnival and large crowds in that area. December concentrates festive lights and activity in the centre; arrange accommodation ahead if you want that atmosphere.

Walking the city

  • Terrain: the central areas covered by our routes are generally gentle; bridges, passages and stations introduce ramps and steps.
  • Surfaces: broad pavements alternate with alleys, stone and cobbles. Take care on wet paving.
  • Weather on foot: a waterproof layer helps with changeable skies. Bridges feel windier.
  • Distances: London is extensive; walk around one area and use transport to change neighbourhoods.
  • Crossings: traffic keeps left, as elsewhere in Britain. Check both directions, follow signals and watch for bicycles.
  • Daily rhythm: leave time for meals. The City changes markedly between weekdays and weekends; the West End has more leisure activity.

Getting there and around

  • London has several widely separated airports: confirm which one you’re using. Depending on the airport, options include trains, the Underground, buses and taxis.
  • The main stations are spread across London and connect with urban transport. Save the exact station name.
  • The Underground and urban rail connect neighbourhoods. Buses let you see the street, but can get caught in traffic.
  • For a short West End journey, look at a street map before going underground: the Tube map isn’t to scale.

The neighbourhoods

NeighbourhoodWhat it's likeWho it suitsOur routes
WestminsterMonumental buildings and open spaces by the riverA first visitWestminster: Parliament, the Abbey and Big Ben Free
Whitehall and TrafalgarBusy avenues and squaresContinuing from WestminsterWhitehall and Trafalgar Square: Kings, Regicides and Admirals
Covent Garden and the StrandTheatres, lively streets and squaresWalking and staying for a mealCovent Garden and the Strand: Theatres, a Market and Scandals
SohoCompact streets and busy leisure lifeUrban atmosphereSoho: Refugees, Musicians and the Cholera Pump
The CityLarge buildings set against small lanesLooking closely at street detailsThe City: the Great Fire, the Money and the Legends
Tower HillSpaces around the Tower and riverMonuments and outdoor viewsThe Tower of London and Pepys's Diary
Bankside and SouthwarkRiverside walking and old streetsCombining water and cultureBankside and Southwark: Shakespeare's Other Bank
Fleet Street and the TempleCourts, churches and passages between areasA more enclosed walkFleet Street and the Temple: Printers, Lawyers and Sweeney Todd

What to try

Dish or drinkWhat it is
Fish and chipsBattered fish with chips.
PieA savoury pastry dish with a filling, often meat.
Sunday roastRoast meat, vegetables, gravy and accompaniments, traditionally associated with Sunday.
Full English breakfastEggs, bacon, sausage and other accompaniments.
Bangers and mashSausages with mashed potato and gravy.
Jacket potatoA baked potato with a choice of fillings.
CurryA varied and familiar part of London’s food culture.
SconeA bake often served with jam and clotted cream.
Sticky toffee puddingA date sponge with a sweet sauce.
TeaBlack tea, often with milk; order it the way you like.

What to pack

  • Comfortable shoes and a light waterproof jacket.
  • Layers for the difference between street and transport; coat, scarf and gloves in winter.
  • Water and sunscreen in summer, even if the air feels cool.
  • British plugs fit type G sockets; no travel adaptor is needed for a standard UK plug.
  • A small rucksack is easier on stairs and crowded trains.
  • Download your routes and audio before setting off: Podtour works offline.

For the trip

Customs and common mistakes

  • Respect the queue, even when its end isn’t obvious.
  • Stand on the right on Underground escalators.
  • Let people off first and remove your rucksack in a crowded carriage.
  • Many pubs take orders at the bar; check before settling in to wait for table service.
  • A bar can have a turn-taking system without a visible line; don’t jump ahead.
  • A quick “cheers” works perfectly well as thanks.
  • Road markings can help at crossings, but still look both ways.
  • Residential streets remain people’s homes; keep voices down when leaving at night.

If it rains (or it's very hot)

Itineraries with Podtour

These plans leave time for meals and an interior visit. Listen at the outdoor points on each route; arrange interior visits separately.

Days Plan

  1. 1 day

    Start with Westminster: Parliament, the Abbey and Big Ben Free, then continue through the neighbouring area with Whitehall and Trafalgar Square: Kings, Regicides and Admirals. Leave room for a park pause and lunch.

  2. 2 days

    Day 1: follow the previous plan. Day 2: Covent Garden and the Strand: Theatres, a Market and Scandals and Soho: Refugees, Musicians and the Cholera Pump, two nearby West End areas.

  3. 3 days

    Days 1 and 2: follow the previous plans. Day 3: The Tower of London and Pepys's Diary and The City: the Great Fire, the Money and the Legends, around Tower Hill and the heart of the City.

What to see with Podtour

= a place covered by our free route, Westminster: Parliament, the Abbey and Big Ben Free.

PlaceWhy goRoute and stop
Westminster Abbey, exteriorThe façade introduces memories reaching beyond royalty.Westminster: Parliament, the Abbey and Big Ben Free · “The unnamed soldier and the monument without straight lines”
Trafalgar Square and Nelson’s ColumnLook at monuments without losing track of surrounding traffic.Whitehall and Trafalgar Square: Kings, Regicides and Admirals · “The column and its lions: cannon bronze, a hypothesis”
Tower of London, exterior, and Tower HillThe Tower has stories to hear from outside its walls.The Tower of London and Pepys's Diary · “The clergyman who stole the Crown Jewels”
Pudding Lane and the Monument to the Great FireA beginning that changes how you look at City streets.The City: the Great Fire, the Money and the Legends · “The Frenchman who confessed: Hubert and the Pudding Lane plaque”
All Hallows by the TowerA church beside the Tower with stories of its own.The Tower of London and Pepys's Diary · “Twenty-seven barrels and a baby on the roof: a witness’s legend”
St Paul’s Cathedral, exterior, and Paternoster SquareThe cathedral’s silhouette invites you to hear how it endured.Crime and Punishment in London: from St Paul's to Smithfield · “Stones like grenades”
Temple Church and the Temple gardensA quieter group of buildings within the central bustle.Fleet Street and the Temple: Printers, Lawyers and Sweeney Todd · “Roses nobody picked”
Covent Garden: square, market and St Paul’s ChurchA theatrical square where it pays to stand clear of the crowds.Covent Garden and the Strand: Theatres, a Market and Scandals · “The false door of the “finest barn””
Royal Opera House and Bow StreetAn area where theatre spills into the street.Covent Garden and the Strand: Theatres, a Market and Scandals · “A shot beneath the arcades”
Theatre Royal, Drury LaneA doorway into lives connected with the stage.Covent Garden and the Strand: Theatres, a Market and Scandals · “Nell at the door”
Seven DialsA junction revealing another scale of the West End.Covent Garden and the Strand: Theatres, a Market and Scandals · “The column that went to Weybridge”
Soho Square and Broad Street: John Snow’s pumpA square and a water pump offer another view of Soho.Soho: Refugees, Musicians and the Cholera Pump · “A hunting cry and a king who returned”
London BridgePause on the crossing to place both banks.Bankside and Southwark: Shakespeare's Other Bank · “A street across the river and thirty heads”
Southwark CathedralA breathing space beside the movement of Southwark.Bankside and Southwark: Shakespeare's Other Bank · “The ferryman’s church”

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